Relationship between appendicular muscular mass index and physical function in older people.

This study aimed to establish the relationship between the appendicular muscle mass index (AMMI), assessed from anthropometric variables, and the physical function of older people. Seventy-six older people participated in this study (72.03 ± 7.03 years). The participants underwent evaluations to determine their AMMI using anthropometry (weight, calf circumference, hip circumference, and knee height) and manual grip strength. Additionally, their physical function was evaluated using the 5-chair stand test, the 3-meter walk test, and the timed up and go test (TUG) to determine the strength of the lower limbs, the gait speed, and the dynamic balance, respectively. The results show that the AMMI did not present a significant relationship with the 5-chair stand test in both women (r = -0.135; p = 0.204) and men (r = -0.067; p = 0.349). The AMMI was moderately correlated with the gait speed in both women (r = 0.542; p < 0.001) and men (r = 0.556; p < 0.001). Finally, a statistical significance was observed in the relationship between the AMMI and the TUG test in women (r = -0.273; p = 0.047) and older men evaluated in this study (r = -0.284; p = 0.042). In conclusion, there is a relationship between the AMMI and both the dynamic balance and the gait speed. Therefore, the AMMI emerges as a potential public health assessment by enabling the clinical quantification of muscle mass and an estimation of physical function in the elderly population.

Efectos del foam roller sobre la capacidad de salto en deportistas: una revisión sistemática / Effects of foam roller on jumping ability in athletes: a systematic review

Introducción: Se plantea que la utilización del foam roller (FR) en el ámbito deportivo puede ser un buen complemento paraoptimizar la mejora aguda del rango de movimiento y para provocar un efecto analgésico, no obstante, su utilización en elcalentamiento con el fin de mejorar las variables neuromusculares como el salto vertical es controversial en deportistas. Espor esto que el objetivo de esta revisión sistemática fue analizar los efectos del FR sobre la capacidad de salto en deportistas. Material y método: Se realizó una búsqueda comprensiva, exhaustiva y estructurada siguiendo las recomendacionesPRISMA en las siguientes bases de datos: Pubmed/MEDLINE, Cochrane, Scopus, Sciencedirect y Web of Science. Los estudiosque cumplieron los criterios de inclusión fueron valorados en cuanto a su calidad metodológica a través de la escala PEDro. Resultados: Un total de 262 registros se encontraron en la fase de identificación de estudios. En la fase de screening seeliminaron los duplicados y los estudios fueron filtrados seleccionando el título, resumen y palabras clave obteniendo comoresultado 47 referencias. Un total de 18 estudios fueron analizados a texto completo, siendo 12 de ellos excluidos. Por lo tanto,el número total de estudios que cumplió con todos los criterios de selección fue de seis. Conclusiones: Los estudios seleccionados muestran que la aplicación del FR es una técnica que contribuye a aumentar elrendimiento en la capacidad de salto en deportistas y puede perdurar su efecto hasta 10 minutos después de su aplicación.Sin embargo, se debe estandarizar los protocolos y tiempos de duración para maximizar los resultados.(AU)

Introduction: It is proposed that the use of the foam roller (FR) in the sports field can be a good complement to optimizethe acute improvement of range of motion and to cause an analgesic effect, however, its use in warm-up to improve neuro-muscular variables such as vertical jump is controversial in athletes. Therefore, the objective of this systematic review was toanalyze the effects of FR on jumping ability in athletes. Material and method: A comprehensive, exhaustive, and structured search was carried out following PRISMA recommendations in the following databases: Pubmed/MEDLINE, Cochrane, Scopus, Sciencedirect and Web of Science. The studies thatmet the inclusion criteria were assessed for their methodological quality using the PEDro scale. Results: A total of 262 records were found in the study identification phase. In the screening phase, duplicates were elimi-nated, and the studies were filtered by selecting the title, abstract and keywords, obtaining 47 references as a result. A totalof 18 studies were analyzed in full text, 12 of which were excluded. Therefore, the total number of studies that met all theselection criteria was six. Conclusions: The selected studies show that the application of RF is a technique that contributes to increasing the performance of jumping capacity in athletes and its effect can last up to 10 minutes after its application. However, protocols andduration times should be standardized to maximize results.(AU)

Factors Associated with Poor Health-Related Quality of Life in Physically Active Older People.

This study aimed to associate morphological variables and physical fitness with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in physically active older people. A cross-sectional study was carried out that evaluated 470 older people (89.57% female) with a mean age of 70.13 ± 6.57 years, residing in two regions of Chile. Morphological variables (body weight, bipedal height, waist circumference, body mass index, and waist to height ratio), physical fitness through the Senior Fitness Test protocol, and HRQoL using the SF-36 questionnaire were obtained. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors between morphological variables and physical fitness associated with HRQoL. The main results indicated that overweight (OR = 1.52; p = 0.034), a waist circumference with risk (OR = 1.56; p = 0.021), poor performance in the back scratch tests (OR = 1.02; p = 0.008) and timed up-and-go (OR = 1.19; p = 0.040) increased the probability of having a low general HRQoL. Also, the low performance of chair stand and arm curl tests was associated with poor physical and social dimensions of HRQoL (p < 0.05). In conclusion, a low HRQoL in physically active older people is associated with both morphological and physical fitness factors.

Asociación entre la condición física y calidad de vida con la fragilidad en personas mayores / Association between physical fitness and quality of life with frailty in elderly

RESUMEN Introducción: El envejecimiento patológico provoca cambios anatomofisiológicos responsables de generar deterioro en la condición física y calidad de vida de las personas mayores. Así también se ha observado un aumento en la presencia de síndromes geriátricos como la fragilidad física. Objetivo: Determinar si existe asociación entre la condición física y calidad de vida con la fragilidad en personas mayores. Métodos: Estudio correlacional. Se incluyeron 84 personas mayores de 65 años (62 mujeres y 22 hombres) entre agosto y septiembre del año 2021 en las regiones metropolitana y Maule, Chile. Se midieron la condición física, calidad de vida y fragilidad. La condición física se evaluó con la batería Senior Fittnes Test y la calidad de vida fue medida con el cuestionario World Health Organization Quality of Life Old (WHOQOL-OLD). La fragilidad se determinó con el fenotipo de Fried. Se utilizaron tablas de contingencia para asociar las variables de estudio con la fragilidad a través de la prueba de ji cuadrado. Resultados: La fragilidad se asoció con algunos componentes de la condición física como fuerza del tren superior (p= 0,038), fuerza del tren inferior (p= 0,018), flexibilidad del tren inferior (p= 0,004), resistencia aeróbica (p= 0,038), agilidad y equilibrio dinámico (p= 0,002). También, se observaron asociaciones significativas con dimensiones de calidad de vida como autonomía (p= 0,007), actividades del pasado, presente y futuro (p= 0,018), participación social (p= 0,006) e intimidad (p= 0,038). Conclusión: Existe asociación entre fragilidad con dimensiones de calidad de vida y con variables de la condición física.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Pathological aging causes anatomophysiological changes responsible for generating deterioration in the physical condition and quality of life of the elderly. Thus, an increase in the presence of geriatric syndromes such as physical frailty has also been observed. Objective: To determine if there is an association between physical condition and quality of life with the frailty in older adults. Methods: Correlational study. 84 people over 60 years of age (62 women and 22 men) were included. Physical fitness, quality of life and frailty were measured. Physical fitness was assessed with the Senior Fitness Test battery and quality of life was measured with the World Health Organization Quality of Life Old (WHOQOL-OLD) questionnaire. Frailty was determined with the Fried phenotype. Contingency tables were used to associate the study variables with frailty through the Chi-square test. Results: Frailty was associated with some components of physical fitness such as upper body strength (p= 0.038), lower body strength (p= 0.018), lower body flexibility (p= 0.004), aerobic endurance (p= 0.038), agility and dynamic balance (p= 0.002). Also, significant associations were observed with quality of life dimensions such as autonomy (p= 0.007), past, present and future activities (p= 0.018), social participation (p= 0.006) and intimacy (p= 0.038). Conclusion: There is an association between frailty with dimensions of quality of life and with variables of physical fitness.